The following information ($ in millions) comes from a recent annual report of
Amazon. com, Inc.

:Net sales $10,711
Total assets 4,363
End of year balance in cash 1,022
Total stockholders� equity 431
Gross profit (Sales � Cost of Sales) 2,456
Net increase in cash for the year 9
Operating expenses 2,067
Net operating cash flow 702
Other income (expense), net (12)

a. Compute Amazon�s balance in cash at the beginning of the year.
b. Compute Amazon�s total liabilities at the end of the year.
c. Compute cost of goods sold for the year.
d. Compute the income before income tax for Amazon.