Match the merger wave to its description.
a. Occurred at the end of the 19th century, into the early 20th century.
b. Marked by hostile take-overs, ending with the crash of 1987.
c. Predominantly horizontal mergers for the purpose of reducing and regulating competition.
d. Occurred in the mid-20th century, at the height of managerial capitalism
e. Sometimes called the first 'anti-merger wave'.
f. During the 1920s, partly the result of financial experts in New York and Chicago thinking themselves 'financial geniuses'.
g. The first wave of the era of Money Manager Capitalism and the use of 'junk bonds' to finance hostile takeovers.
h. Predominantly vertical mergers, ending at the outset of the Great Depression.
i. Ended with the housing crash and the beginning of the Great Recession.
j. Driven in part by managers taking advantage of stock market 'euphoria' during the dot-com bubble, sometimes - for instance, in the case of Enron - involving accounting fraud.
k. Characterized by top management of productive corporations beginning to see their companies as 'mutual funds with smokestacks'.

1. The First Merger Wave
2. The Second Merger Wave
3. The Third Merger Wave
4. The Fourth Merger Wave
5. The Fifth Merger Wave
6. The Sixth Merger Wave

Find matches below.

Explanation:

1. First Merger Wave occurred between 1897 - 1907.

Events:

a. Occurred at the end of the 19th century into the early 20th century.

c. Predominantly horizontal mergers for the purpose of reducing and regulating competition.

2. Second Merger Wave occurred between 1916 - 1929.

Events:

h. Predominantly vertical mergers, ending at the outset of the great depression.

f. During the 1920's, partly the results of financial experts in New York and Chicago thinking themselves financial geniuses.

3. Third Merger Wave occurred between 1965 - 1969.

Event:

d. Occurred in the mid - 20th century, at the height of managerial capitalism.

4. Fourth Merger Wave occurred in the 1980's.

Events:

b. Marked by hostile takeovers ending with the crash of 1987.

e. Sometimes called the first anti - merger wave.

g. The first wave of the era Money Manager Capitalism and the use of junk bonds to finance hostile takeovers.

5. Fifth Merger Wave occurred between 1993 - 2000.

Events:

j. Driven in part by managers taking advantage of stock market ' euphoria' during the dot . com bubble, sometimes for instance, in the case of Enron - involving accounting fraud.

k. Characterized by top management of productive corporations beginning to see their companies as 'mutual funds with smokestacks'.

6. Sixth Merger Wave occurred between 2003 - 2007.

Event:

I. Ended with the housing crash and the beginning of the Great Recession.

a manufacturer of printed circuit boards uses exponential smoothing with trend to forecast monthly demand of its product. at the end of december, the company wishes to forecast sales for january. the estimate of trend through november has been 200 additional boards sold per month. average sales have been around 1000 units per month. the demand for december was 1100 units. the company uses α = 0.20 and β = 0.10. make a forecast including trend for the month of january.

answertop managers;