Oregon Co.'s employees are eligible for retirement with benefits at the end of the year in which both age 60 is attained and they have completed 35 years of service. The benefits provide 15 years reimbursement for health care services of $20,000 annually, beginning one year from the date of retirement.

Ralph Young was hired at the beginning of 1977 by Oregon after turning age 22 and is expected to retire at the end of 2020 (age 60). The discount rate is 4%. The plan is unfunded.

The PV of an ordinary annuity of $1 where n = 15 and i = 4% is 11.11839.

The PV of $1 where n = 2 and i = 4% is 0.92456.

With respect to Ralph, what is the service cost to be included in Oregon's 2018 postretirement benefit expense, rounded to the nearest dollar?

a. $3,544.

b. $20,000.

c. $5,272.

d. $6,365.

Kiona co. set up a petty cash fund for payments of small amounts. the following transactions involving the petty cash fund occurred in may (the last month of the company's fiscal year). may 1 prepared a company check for $350 to establish the petty cash fund. 15 prepared a company check to replenish the fund for the following expenditures made since may 1. a. paid $109.20 for janitorial services. b. paid $89.15 for miscellaneous expenses. c. paid postage expenses of $60.90. d. paid $80.01 to the county gazette (the local newspaper) for an advertisement. e. counted $26.84 remaining in the petty cashbox. 16 prepared a company check for $200 to increase the fund to $550. 31 the petty cashier reports that $380.27 cash remains in the fund. a company check is drawn to replenish the fund for the following expenditures made since may 15. f. paid postage expenses of $59.10. g. reimbursed the office manager for business mileage, $47.05. h. paid $48.58 to deliver merchandise to a customer, terms fob destination. 31 the company decides that the may 16 increase in the fund was too large. it reduces the fund by $50, leaving a total of $500.

Arecession is defined as a period in which

Why is it easier for new entrants to get involved in radical innovations when compared to incumbent firms? a. unlike incumbent firms, new entrants do not have to face the high entry barriers, initially. b. new entrants are embedded in an innovation ecosystem, while incumbent firms are not. c. unlike incumbent firms, new entrants do not have formal organizational structures and processes. d. incumbent firms do not have the advantages of network effects that new entrants have.