The beginning and ending balances of retained earnings for the year were $55,000 and $82,000, respectively. If dividend payments during the year were $8,000, determine the net income or net loss for the year.

Which represents a surplus in the market? a market price equals equilibrium price. b quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded. c market price is less than equilibrium price. d quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.

As the inventor of hypertension medication, onesure pharmaceuticals (osp) inc. was able to reap the benefits of economies of scale due to a large consumer demand for the drug. even when competitors later developed similar drugs after the expiry of osp's patents, regular users did not want to switch because they were concerned about possible side effects. which of the following benefits does this scenario best illustrate? a. first-mover advantages b. social benefits c. network externalities d. fringe benefits

When the price of pencils increases from $1.50 to $2.50, there is an increase in quantity demanded of pens from 100 to 150. the cross-price elasticity of demand between pencils and pens is: ?