Which of the following statements is true of a corporation?

a. Shareholders are authorized to sign contracts or make business commitments on behalf of the corporation.
b. Shares of stock cannot be readily bought and sold by investors on the open market.
c. The liabilities of the corporation can be paid by the personal assets of the shareholders.
d. Corporations pay income tax on corporate earnings, and shareholders pay personal income tax on corporate dividends and gains from the sale of stock.

Because of the violent nature of the sport, professional american football players are at risk of suffering concussions (or brain injuries) during the violent collisions that occur between players during the game. violent collisions involving hits to the head are particularly risky. suppose the commissioner of the national football league (nfl) institutes a rule requiring players to wear a new, lighter helmet that is designed to reduce head trauma during collisions between players on the field. while the new helmets the probability of a concussion resulting from each individual collision, at the same time the new helmets could also give football players an incentive to play more , which could potentially the amount of violent collisions and thus the number of concussions suffered by nfl players, all else equal.