An observer may conclude that the organizational culture of Zappos, an online retailer for shoes and clothing, might be the basis for its competitive advantage. However, reverse social engineering to crack Zappos' code of success might be much more difficult for a company trying to exactly imitate its strategy. Thus, the source of Zappos competitive advantage is said to be .
a. non-ambiguous
b. socially complex
c. inexhaustible
d. non-substitutable

d. non-substitutable

Explanation:

If reverse social engineering to crack Zappos' code of success revealed that it might be much more difficult for a company trying to exactly imitate its strategy. Thus, the source of Zappos competitive advantage is said to be non-substitutable

According to the VRIO model of gaining competitive advantage, one of the major features of companies that possess competitive advantage is that their resources are difficult to substitute

By definition, Non-substitutable implies that an ideal resource cannot be substituted by any other resource.

answer; societal marketing;

answerbuying in bulk;