A young man applies for a several jobs in his small-town community. In the past, he drank heavily and developed a reputation as unreliable. As a result, he does not get hired. This is an example of .

social stigma

Explanation:

Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that in this scenario this is an example of social stigma. This term refers to the discrimination against an individual based on one or many social characteristics that set them apart from the rest of society. Such characteristics include the individual's culture, gender, intelligence, health, and habits. Which in this case the defining factor for the discrimination was that he was a drunk.

the investment was $14,174.196

explanation:

a lump sum means that the father of the example made one deposit and leave it be.

we need to know the value of a capital that generated at 4.05% per year during 28 years the sum of $48,613.24

now clearing the formula to solve for capital we got:

and we reach the answer investment = $14,174.20