Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2014) cite Tim Kane who found that for all but seven years between 1977 and 2005, existing firms lose an average of approximately one million jobs annually while startups created on average a net three million jobs per year. Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2014) use this case to emphasize the importance of to economic growth or employment. Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. entrepreneurship new technologies new markets information