You are Chair of the Federal Reserve Board. In your meeting with the Federal Open Market Committee, the committee un-animously votes to increase the money supply using open market operations (OMOs). During the press conference after the meeting, a reporter asks you to explain what OMOs are and how you will use them to increase the money supply. You reply that:.A. OMOs are the purchase and sale of government securities. To increase the money supply we will buy government securities which increases the amount of reserves in the banking system and fuels deposit expansion.
B. Open market operations refer to manipulating the rate which the FED loans to member banks. Increasing the money supply occurs when the FED lowers this rate, which increases the amount of excess reserves in the banking system.
C. OMOs refer to an increase or decrease of the required reserve ratio. Increasing the ratio will fuel deposit expansion and an increase in the money supply.
D. OMOs are the purchase and sale of government securities. To increase the money supply we will sell government securities, which increases the amount of reserves in the banking system and fuels deposit expansion.

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Suppose the real risk-free rate and inflation rate are expected to remain at their current levels throughout the foreseeable future. consider all factors that affect the yield curve. then identify which of the following shapes that the u.s. treasury yield curve can take. check all that apply.

Last year ann arbor corp had $155,000 of assets, $305,000 of sales, $20,000 of net income, and a debt-to-total-assets ratio of 37.5%. the new cfo believes a new computer program will enable it to reduce costs and thus raise net income to $33,000. assets, sales, and the debt ratio would not be affected. by how much would the cost reduction improve the roe? a. 11.51%b. 12.11%c. 12.75%d. 13.42%e. 14.09%