Smiling Elephant, Inc., has an issue of preferred stock outstanding that pays a $6.40 dividend every year, in perpetuity. If this issue currently sells for $80.80 per share, what is the required return

You are the manager of a large crude-oil refinery. as part of the refining process, a certain heat exchanger (operated at high temperatures and with abrasive material flowing through it) must be replaced every year. the replacement and downtime cost in the first year is $165 comma 000. this cost is expected to increase due to inflation at a rate of 7% per year for six years (i.e. until the eoy 7), at which time this particular heat exchanger will no longer be needed. if the company's cost of capital is 15% per year, how much could you afford to spend for a higher quality heat exchanger so that these annual replacement and downtime costs could be eliminated?

On january 1 of the current year, jimmy's sandwich company reported owner's capital totaling $128,000. during the current year, total revenues were $106,000 while total expenses were $95,500. also, during the current year jimmy withdrew $30,000 from the company. no other changes in equity occurred during the year. if, on december 31 of the current year, total assets are $206,000, the change in owner's capital during the year was:

Atariff on avocadoes the price of avocadoes, consumers' surplus for avocado buyers, producers' surplus of avocado growers and tariff revenue. because the loss to is more than the gain to there is a net loss to society.raises; decreases; increases; generates; consumers; producers and government raises; increases; decreases; does not generate; producers and government; consumers lowers; increases; decreases; does not generate; producers and government; consumers raises; increases; decreases; generates; producers; consumers and government