Heilbroner describes the Civil War as an immense occasion for theft, fraud, and other criminal activity. Abraham Lincoln himself admitted that he violated the Constitution, as it was then interpreted, by taking most of the capital of the South through his 1862 Emancipation Proclamation. Is it appropriate to characterize all this as "crime"?a No, because the government of the United States had the Constitutional authority to prevent the greatest theft of all -- the theft, which was protected by State governments in the South, of all labor value, wages, capital, and of course personal freedom from the enslaved. b Yes, Lincoln was indeed a thief who stole all the economic power of the South and transported it to the North. c No, Lincoln was not a thief per se, but the criminal invasion of the South by the North was an unprecedented violation of the property rights of white slaveowners who were deprived of the value and of the income of their property. d Yes, a taking is a taking, whether done by an individual or by a government.

The cost of capital: introduction the cost of capital: introduction companies issue bonds, preferred stock, and common equity to aise capital to invest in capital budgeting projects. capital is』necessary factor of production and like any other factor, it has a cost. this cost is equal to the select the applicable security. the rates of return that investors require on bonds, preferred stocks, and common equity represent the costs of those securities to the firm. companies estimate the required returns on their securities, calculate a weighted average of the costs of their different types of capital, and use this average cost for capital budgeting purposes. required return on rate: when calculating om operations when the firm's primary financial objective is to select shareholder value. to do this, companies invest in projects that earnselect their cost of capital. so, the cost of capital is often referred to as the -select -select and accruals, which a se spontaneously we hted average cost of capital wa c our concern is with capital that must be provided by select- 쑤 interest-bearing debt preferred stock and common equity. capital budgeting projects are undertaken, are not included as part of total invested capital because they do not come directly from investors. which of the following would be included in the caculation of total invested capital? choose the response that is most correct a. notes payable b. taxes payable c retained earnings d. responses a and c would be included in the calculation of total invested capital. e. none of the above would be included in the cakulation of total invested capital.

Lynch company manufactures and sells a single product. the following costs were incurred during the company’s first year of operations: variable costs per unit: manufacturing: direct materials $ 12 direct labor $ 6 variable manufacturing overhead $ 1 variable selling and administrative $ 1 fixed costs per year: fixed manufacturing overhead $ 308,000 fixed selling and administrative $ 218,000 during the year, the company produced 28,000 units and sold 15,000 units. the selling price of the company’s product is $56 per unit. required: 1. assume that the company uses absorption costing: a. compute the unit product cost. b. prepare an income statement for the year. 2. assume that the company uses variable costing: a. compute the unit product cost. b. prepare an income statement for the year.

What is one counter argument to the premise that the wealth gap is a serious problem which needs to be addressed?