Haas Company manufactures and sells one product. The following information pertains to each of the company’s first three years of operations:

Variable costs per unit:
Manufacturing:

Direct materials $25
Direct labor $12
Variable manufacturing overhead $4
Variable selling and administrative $2
Fixed costs per year:

Fixed manufacturing overhead $480,000
Fixed selling and administrative expenses $360,000

During its first year of operations, Haas produced 60,000 units and sold 60,000 units. During its second year of operations, it produced 75,000 units and sold 50,000 units. In its third year, Haas produced 40,000 units and sold 65,000 units. The selling price of the company's product is $57 per unit.

Required:
a. Compute the company's break-even point in units sold.
b. Assume the company uses variable costing. Compute the unit product cost for year I, year 2, and year 3.
c. Prepare an income statement for year 1 , year 2, and year 3.

Solution and Explanation:

1 Breakeven point = Fixed cost/contribution per unit  

= 60000 Units

2. a  

                                                year 1        year 2           year 3

unit product cost                               41                    41                      41  

Direct material                              25  

Direct Labour                                       12  

Variable manufactoring overhead4  

Variable costing unit product cost41  

2. b Variable expenses    

Variable cost of goods sold      24,60,000        30,75,000      16,40,000  

Variable selling and administrative  1,20,000   1,50,000        80,000  

Total variable expenses         25,80,000   32,25,000        17,20,000  

Contributon margin                  8,40,000-3,75,00019,85,000  

Fixed expenses    

Fixed manufactoring overhead  4,80,000       4,80,000       4,80,000  

Fixed selling and administrative3,60,000      3,60,000       3,60,000

Total Fixed Expenses                 8,40,000       8,40,000       8,40,000  

Net operating income                                       -12,15,000  11,45,000Note                                            Year 1            year 2            year 3

Unit sold                                              60000      50000          65000  

Unit price                                         57                   57                  57  Sales                                            342000028500003705000  

Variable cost of goods sold    

Unit                                                          60000     75000         40000  

Unit cost                                                          41              41    41  

Total                                              246000030750001640000  Variable selling and administrative    

Unit                                                              600007500040000  

Unit cost                                                                   2      2                2  Total                                                          12000015000080000

3      

aunit product cost                    year 1year 2year 3  

         Direct material                                           25              25      25  

Direct Labour                                                      12       12     12  

Variable manufactoring overhead              4                 4        4  

Fixed manufactoring over head                       8          6.4        12  

Variable costing unit product cost                  49           47.453  

Note    

Fixed manufactoring over head    

480000 divided by 60000                                       8.00    

480000 divided by75000                                       6.40    

480000 divided by 40000                                     12.00    

bHass company    

Absorbtion costing income statement    

          Year 1                         year 2             year 3

Sales                            34,20,000        28,50,000        37,05,000  Cost of goods sold      29,40,000        23,70,000        33,05,000  Gross margin                      4,80,000           4,80,000           4,00,000  selling and admin exp       4,80,000           4,60,000           4,90,000  Net operating income               -                20,000             -90,000  Note    

Cost of goods sold    

Year 160000 multiply with 49 =2940000  

Year 250000 multiply with47.4=  2370000  

Year 3=  3305000  

selling and administrative expenses    

Year 1 = 480000  

Year 2 = 460000  

Year 3 = 490000