A potential cause of internal invalidity in an experiment, due to the subjects getting older between the pre- and posttests, becoming more experienced, more (or less) intelligent, or physically stronger.?

a. Experimental validity

b. Hawthorne effect

c. Maturation

d. Involvement error

wilson's has 10,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a market price of $35 a share. the firm also has a bond issue outstanding with a total face value of $250,000 which is selling for 102 percent of face value. the cost of equity is 11 percent while the preminustax cost of debt is 8 percent. the firm has a beta of 1.1 and a tax rate of 34 percent. what is wilson's weighted average cost of capital?

Adds up the money earned by producers plus taxes paid to the goverment. a) income approach b) product approach c) expenditure approach

What is a sort of auction for stocks in which traders verbally submit their offers?