The Costaguanan stock market provided a rate of return of 99%. The inflation rate in Costaguana during the year was 81%. In Ruritania, in contrast, the stock market return was only 16%, but the inflation rate was only 3%. Calculate the real rate of return for both the Costaguana and the United States stock markets. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) (Show work)

Real rate of return

Costaguana %
United States %

Your company is starting a new r& d initiative: a development of a new drug that dramatically reduces the addiction to smoking. the expert team estimates the probability of developing the drug succesfully at 60% and a chance of losing the investment of 40%. if the project is successful, your company would earn profits (after deducting the investment) of 9,000 (thousand usd). if the development is unsuccessful, the whole investment will be lost -1,000 (thousand usd). your company's risk preference is given by the expected utility function: u(x) v1000 +x, where x is the monetary outcome of a project. calculate the expected profit of the project . calculate the expected utility of the project . find the certainty equivalent of this r& d initiative . find the risk premium of this r& d initiative e is the company risk-averse, risk-loving or risk-neutral? why do you think so?