During the fiscal year 2017, the City of Hickory Hills issued purchase orders to various vendors in the amounts shown for the following functions of the city:

General Government $ 164,200
Public Safety 302,000
Public Works 224,400
Culture and Recreation 181,700
Health and Welfare 168,100
Miscellaneous 24,600
Total $ 1,065,000

All goods ordered during the year were received at the following actual costs:

General Government $ 159,800
Public Safety 301,700
Public Works 226,800
Culture and Recreation 181,700
Health and Welfare 171,300
Miscellaneous 25,600
Total $ 1,066,900

Prepare journal entries in the General Fund general journal to record the issuance of purchase orders and to record the receipt of and payment for goods during the year. Also show subsidiary detail for the Encumbrances and Expenditures ledgers.

Weber company purchases $44,270 of raw materials on account, and it incurs $52,730 of factory labor costs. supporting records show that (a) the assembly department used $27,580 of raw materials and $33,320 of the factory labor, and (b) the finishing department used the remainder. manufacturing overhead is assigned to departments on the basis of 150% of labor costs.journalize the assignment of overhead to the assembly and finishing departments.account titles and explanation debit credit

Daniel owns 100 shares of abc corporation's common stock. abc uses the fair value option, and recent declines in the firm's credit rating have caused the value of the firm's outstanding bonds payable to drop by 10%. daniel feels this is good news, but he wants to know what you think about the situation. which of the following represents your best response? a : "this situation may be positive for you in that the change in abc's credit standing indicates that the value of the firm's assets is likely increasing. however, the drop in bond value may negate any positive effects on your bottom line, because it means your claim on the firm's assets is simultaneously decreasing." b : "actually, this is bad news all around. the drop in the value of abc's bonds payable means shareholders' claims on the firm's assets have decreased. moreover, abc's declining credit rating means that the firm's assets are probably also dropping in value, thus magnifying your losses even more." c : "on the surface, this seems like good news because it means your claim on the firm's assets has increased. however, the drop in creditworthiness may also indicate that abc's assets are declining in value, thus offsetting any gains associated with the drop in bonds payable." d : "you're right! this is good news because it means that abc's debtholders have a decreased claim on the firm's assets. as a result, the firm's existing shareholders"like you"have seen their claim on the firm's assets increase."

Insurance companies have internal controls in place to protect assets, monitor the accuracy of accounting records and encourage operational efficiencies and adherence to policies. these internal controls are generally of two types: administrative controls and accounting controls. administrative controls are the policies and procedures that guide the daily actions of employees. accounting controls are the policies and procedures that delineate authorizations of financial transactions that are done, safeguard assets, and provide reports on the company’s financial status in a reliable and timely manner. internal controls should include both preventative and detective controls. the purpose of preventative controls is to stop problems and errors before they occur. detective controls identify problems after they have occurred. preventative controls are usually more effective at reducing problems, but they also tend to be more expensive. internal controls must be flexible to adjust for changes in laws and regulations in addition to adding new products or modifying current ones. companies must also do regular analyses to ensure that the benefits of implementing the controls are worth their costs. when concerned about paying unwarranted insurance claims which type of control would be useful?