The concept "bureaucracy" refers to
a. a large, normative organization
b. any source of inefficiency in organizational operation
c. an organizational model that operates informally
d. an organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently

d. An organizational model rationally designed to perform task efficiently.

Explanation:

Bureaucacy is an organization plan that performs daily activities like division of labour, has standardize processes and responsibilities. In bureaucracy, there is relationship between employees, hierarchies and duties are clearly spelt.

An example of bureaucracy is car production department. The department involves so many processes, division of labour and interpersonal relationships among employees.

Thus, bureaucracy tends to perform tasks efficiently due to a number of inputs required to complete the process.

answer; commerce clearing house;

answer; ///(d); determining who competes most closely   with whom evaluating whether industry driving forces and competitive pressure favor some strategic groups and hurt others, and ascertaining whether the profit potential of different strategic groups varies due to the strengths and weaknesses in each groups respective market positions;