How do managers decide upon an ethical course of action when confronted with decisions pertaining to working conditions, human rights, corruption, and environmental pollution? From an ethical perspective, how do managers determine the moral obligations that flow from the power of a multinational? In many cases, there are no easy answers to these questions because some are very real dilemmas with no obvious correct action. Nevertheless, managers can and should do many things to make sure that basic ethical principles are adhered to and that ethical issues are routinely inserted into international business decisions.

25. kerry company plans to sell 200,000 units of finished product in july and anticipates a growth rate in sales of 5% per month. the desired monthly ending inventory in units of finished product is 80% of the next month's estimated sales. there are 150,000 finished units in inventory on june 30. kerry company's production requirement in units of finished product for the three-month period ending september 30 is: a. 712,025 units b. 630,500 units c. 664,000 units d. 665,720 units

Afirm's before-tax cost of debt, rd, is the interest rate that the firm must pay on debt. because interest is tax deductible, the relevant cost of debt used to calculate a firm's wacc is the cost of debt, rd (1 – t). the cost of debt is used in calculating the wacc because we are interested in maximizing the value of the firm's stock, and the stock price depends on cash flows. it is important to emphasize that the cost of debt is the interest rate on debt, not debt because our primary concern with the cost of capital is its use in capital budgeting decisions. the rate at which the firm has borrowed in the past is because we need to know the cost of capital. for these reasons, the on outstanding debt (which reflects current market conditions) is a better measure of the cost of debt than the . the on the company's -term debt is generally used to calculate the cost of debt because more often than not, the capital is being raised to fund -term projects. quantitative problem: 5 years ago, barton industries issued 25-year noncallable, semiannual bonds with a $1,600 face value and a 8% coupon, semiannual payment ($64 payment every 6 months). the bonds currently sell for $845.87. if the firm's marginal tax rate is 40%, what is the firm's after-tax cost of debt? round your answer to 2 decimal places. do not round intermediate calcu

Pear co.’s income statement for the year ended december 31, as prepared by pear’s controller, reported income before taxes of $125,000. the auditor questioned the following amounts that had been included in income before taxes: equity in earnings of cinn co. $ 40,000 dividends received from cinn 8,000 adjustments to profits of prior years for arithmetical errors in depreciation (35,000) pear owns 40% of cinn’s common stock, and no acquisition differentials are relevant. pear’s december 31 income statement should report income before taxes of