Razak's, a popular chain of fast-food restaurants in the Middle East, plans to expand its market in Asia and signs a contract with an Indian firm. The contract allows the firm to set up restaurants with Razak's name and trademark and use the supplies provided by Razak to make its products. Under the contract, the Indian firm is required to adhere to the same cooking procedures and use the same equipment that are used by other outlets of the restaurant. The given scenario exemplifies a .

Rate of return douglas keel, a financial analyst for orange industries, wishes to estimate the rate of return for two similar-risk investments, x and y. douglas's research indicates that the immediate past returns will serve as reasonable estimates of future returns. a year earlier, investment x had a market value of $27 comma 000; and investment y had a market value of $46 comma 000. during the year, investment x generated cash flow of $2 comma 025 and investment y generated cash flow of $ 6 comma 770. the current market values of investments x and y are $28 comma 582 and $46 comma 000, respectively. a. calculate the expected rate of return on investments x and y using the most recent year's data. b. assuming that the two investments are equally risky, which one should douglas recommend? why?