In the run up to the war in Iraq that began in 2003, one of the many concerns raised was that a war could result in a decrease in the supply of oil. At the same time, the U. S. economy was having a hard time recovering from the recession of 2001 and, as a result, incomes of many consumers had decreased (due to layoffs, wage cuts, and so forth). All else constant, it was reasonable to predict, with certainty, that the combination of these two factors would cause the equilibrium: a. quantity of oil to decrease.
b. quantity of oil to increase.
c. price of oil to increase.
d. price of oil to decrease.

Which of the following statements is correct? stockholders should generally be happier than bondholders to have managers invest in risky projects with high potential returns as opposed to safe projects with lower expected returns. potential conflicts between stockholders and bondholders are increased if a firm's bonds are convertible into its common stock. takeovers are most likely to be attempted if the target firm’s stock price is above its intrinsic value. one advantage of operating a business as a corporation is that stockholders can deduct their pro rata share of the taxes the firm pays, thereby eliminating the double taxation investors would face in a partnership.