Why is current value and replacement cost not the same?

Abc computer company has a $20 million factory in silicon valley in which in builds computer components. during the current year, abc's costs are labor (wages) of $1.01.0 million; interest on debt of $0.20.2 million; and taxes of $0.20.2 million. abc sells all its output to xyz supercomputer for $2.62.6 million. using abc's components, xyz builds four supercomputers at a cost of $0.8500.850 million each, which comes from $0.6500.650 million worth of components, $0.10.1 million in labor costs, and $0.10.1 million in taxes per computer. xyz has a $30 million factory. xyz sells three of the supercomputers to other businesses for $1.81.8 million each. at year's end, it had not sold the fourth. the unsold computer is carried on xyz's books as a $0.8500.850 million increase in inventory.

Peninsula products has just applied for a loan at your bank. when reviewing peninsula's books for the year that just ended, you notice that the firm uses the fair value option for its bonds payable. you also see that the firm recorded a $55,000 debit in its bonds payable account and a $55,000 credit in its unrealized holding gain or loss"income account. over that same period, interest rates decreased by about 0.5 percent. how should this information affect the bank's decision as to whether to grant peninsula a loan? a : the bank should strongly consider giving a loan to peninsula because the changes in firm's bonds payable and unrealized holding gain or loss"income accounts suggest that peninsula has seen an increase in its credit rating over the past year. b : the bank should put little emphasis on the changes in peninsula's bonds payable and unrealized holding gain or loss"income accounts because these changes are likely the result of the rise in interest rates. c : the bank should hesitate before giving a loan to peninsula because the changes in firm's bonds payable and unrealized holding gain or loss"income accounts suggest that peninsula has seen a decline in its credit rating over the past year. d : the bank should put little emphasis on the changes in peninsula's bonds payable and unrealized holding gain or loss"income accounts because these changes are likely unrelated to either interest rates or the firm's credit rating.

1) u.s. real gdp is substantially higher today than it was 60 years ago. what does this tell us, and what does it not tell us, about the well-being of u.s. residents? what are the limitations of the gdp as a measure of economic well-being? given the limitations, why is gdp usually regarded as the best single measure of a society’s economic well-being? 2) what is an intermediate good? how does an intermediate good differ from a final good? explain why it is the case that the value of intermediate goods produced and sold during the year is not included directly as part of gdp, but the value of intermediate goods produced and not sold is included directly as part of gdp.