The shape of a normal Treasury yield curve can be characterized as: (a) inverted throughout the maturity spectrum; (b) inverted over a portion of the maturity spectrum, such as between 2 and 7 years; (c) monotonically upward sloping; (d) unaffected by the relative supply and demand for Treasury securities.

(c) monotonically upward sloping

Explanation:

The shape of a normal Treasury yield curve can be characterized as monotonically upward sloping curve. This is because a normal treasury yield curve have lower yields for short term, but gradually increases as the maturity period of the bonds increases. Thus, giving the yield curve an upward sloping shape.

cognitive overload: having a lot on your mind impairs decision-making and tends to result in the simplest, but not necessarily best, option being selected.

empathy gaps: overlooking how you might feel in a different situation can result in unnecessary purchases, such as overbuying when shopping for food on an empty stomach.

optimism and overconfidence: wearing rose-tinted glasses and having unrealistic expectations about the future can affect money management and leave you unprepared for a change in circumstance.

instant gratification: seeking instant gratification drives impulsive spending and can undermine long-term planning and savings.

harmful habits: automatic or mindless behaviour can amplify a poor financial decision as it becomes a recurring event.

social norms: we are heavily influenced by the actions of others; while this can be in certain circumstances, it also contributes to the pressure to keep up with the joneses through conspicuous consumption.