(assume the tax rate is 40 percent): 2014 2015 Sales $ 8,335 $ 8,909 Depreciation 1,175 1,176 Cost of goods sold 2,746 3,110 Other expenses 689 584 Interest 575 653 Cash 4,159 5,253 Accounts receivable 5,489 6,177 Short-term notes payable 844 796 Long-term debt 14,010 16,550 Net fixed assets 34,955 35,877 Accounts payable 4,416 4,235 Inventory 9,720 9,988 Dividends 1,006 1,101 For 2015, calculate the cash flow from assets, cash flow to creditors, and cash flow to stockholders.

Examine the following book-value balance sheet for university products inc. the preferred stock currently sells for $30 per share and pays a dividend of $3 a share. the common stock sells for $16 per share and has a beta of 0.9. there are 2 million common shares outstanding. the market risk premium is 9%, the risk-free rate is 5%, and the firm’s tax rate is 40%. book-value balance sheet (figures in $ millions) assets liabilities and net worth cash and short-term securities $ 2.0 bonds, coupon = 6%, paid annually (maturity = 10 years, current yield to maturity = 8%) $ 5.0 accounts receivable 3.0 preferred stock (par value $15 per share) 3.0 inventories 7.0 common stock (par value $0.20) 0.4 plant and equipment 21.0 additional paid-in stockholders’ equity 13.6 retained earnings 11.0 total $ 33.0 total $ 33.0 a. what is the market debt-to-value ratio of the firm? (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.) b. what is university’s wacc? (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)

Which of the following is a characteristic that can be used to guide the design of service systems? a. services cannot be inventoried. b. services are all similar. c. quality work means quality service. d. services businesses are inherently entrepreneurial. e. even service businesses have internal services.

Adrawback of short-term contracting as an alternative to making a component in-house is thata. it is the most-integrated alternative to performing an activity so the principal company has no control over the agent. b. the supplying firm has no incentive to make any transaction-specific investments to increase performance or quality. c. it fails to allow a long planning period that individual market transactions provide. d. the buying firm cannot demand lower prices due to the lack of a competitive bidding process.