Suppose that Brazil imports semiconductors from the United States. The free market price is $30.00 per semiconductor. If the tariff on imports in Brazil is initially 40%, Brazilians pay per semiconductor. One of the accomplishments of the Uruguay Round that took place between 1986 and 1993 was significant across-the-board tariff cuts for industrial countries, as well as many developing countries. Suppose that as a result of the Uruguay Round, Brazil reduces its import tariffs to 20%. Assuming the price of semiconductors is still $30.00 per semiconductor, consumers now pay the price of per semiconductor.
Based on the calculations and the scenarios presented, the Uruguay Round most likely in Brazil and in the United States.

a. $42

b. $36

c. benefits consumers in Brazil.  They pay less by $6.

d. does not affect consumers and producers in the United States.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Free market price of semiconductor = $30

Brazil tariff on imports = 40%

This means Brazilians pay $42 ($30 * 1.4) per semiconductor

New Brazil tariff on imports = 20%

This implies that Brazilians will now pay $36 ($30 * 1.2) per semiconductor

b) Import tariffs by Brazil are taxes imposed on imports into Brazil by the Brazilian government to discourage imports, generate revenue, and control the type of goods and services imported into Brazil.  The Uruguay Round was an international trade conference that birthed the WTO.  The purpose of the conference and the creation of WTO was to enable countries negotiate better trade deals and ensure the creation of free trade among the comity of nations.

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