You have decided to advance refund $10,000,000 of outstanding debt that is callable in 5 years. The interest rate on these bonds is 8%. You can issue new bonds at 6%. For every dollar of new debt issued, you will incur a 5% issuance cost. Interest payments on the present issue are $800,000 per year with no scheduled principal payments. How much new debt needs to be issued to realize defeasance of the present issue

Compare the sources of consumer credit 1. consumers use a prearranged loan using special checks 2. consumers use cards with no interest and non -revolving balances 3. consumers pay off debt and credit is automatically renewed 4. consumers take out a loan with a repayment date and have a specific purpose a. travel and entertainment credit b. revolving check credit c. closed-end credit d. revolving credit

2. the language of price controls consider the market for rental cars. suppose that, in a competitive market without government regulations, the equilibrium price of rental cars is $58 per day, and employees at car rental companies earn $19.50 per hour. complete the following table by indicating whether each of the statements is an example of a price ceiling or a price floor and whether it results in a shortage or a surplus or has no effect on the price and quantity that prevail in the market. statement price control effect there are many teenagers who would like to work at car rental companies, but the minimum-wage law sets the hourly wage at $23.00. the government has instituted a legal minimum price of $87 per day for rental cars. the government prohibits car rental companies from renting out rental cars for more than $87 per day.

Individual consumers belong to which step of choosing a target market? possible customers competition demographics communication