Joe takes his car into the repair shop to have his tires realigned. while he is waiting for his car, he sees the repairmen take his car to the area where they change the car's oil. the car is then taken to the area where the tires are realigned. joe watches while the tires are realigned. the employees next take joe's car to be washed. joe did not know his car would be washed, but knows that many car repair businesses have a practice of cleaning the cars at no additional cost to the customer after completing the repair work. when joe is presented with the bill, there is a charge for the oil change, the realignment, and the car wash. according to the courts in pic realty corp. v. southfield farms, inc., the court is most likely to make joe pay for: