Two firms, Sludge Oil and Northwest Lumber, have access to five production processes, each one of which has a different cost and gives off a different amount of pollution. The daily costs of the processes and the corresponding number of tons of smoke emitted are as shown in the following table: Process (smoke) A (4 tons/day) B (3 C (2 D (1) E (0
ton/day ton/day ton/day tons/day)

Cost to Sludge Oil ($/day) 50 70 120 200 500
Cost to Northwest Lumber ($/day) 100 180 500 1,000 2,000
The City Council wants to curb emissions by half and decides to auction off four permits, each of which entitles the bearer to emit 1 ton of smoke per day. No smoke may be emitted without a permit. Suppose the government conducts the auction by starting at $1 and asking how many permits each firm wants to buy at that price. If the total is more than four, it then raises the price by $1 and asks again, and so on, until the total quantity of demanded permits falls to four.
1. How much will each permit sell for in this auction?
2. How many permits will each firm buy?
3. What will be the total cost to society of this reduction in pollution?

Consider how health insurance affects the quantity of health care services performed. suppose that the typical medical procedure has a cost of $160, yet a person with health insurance pays only $40 out of pocket. her insurance company pays the remaining $120. (the insurance company recoups the $120 through premiums, but the premium a person pays does not depend on how many procedures that person chooses to undergo.) consider the following demand curve in the market for medical care. use the black point (plus symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $160. then use the grey point (star symbol) to indicate the quantity of procedures demanded if each procedure has a price of $40. q d at p=$160 q d at p=$40 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 price of medical procedures quantity of medical procedures demand if the cost of each procedure to society is truly $160, the quantity that maximizes total surplus is procedures. economists often blame the health insurance system for excessive use of medical care. given your analysis, the use of care might be viewed as excessive because consumers get procedures whose value is than the cost of producing them.

Given the following information about the closed economy of brittania, what is the level of investment spending and private savings, and what is the budget balance? assume there are no government transfers. gdp=$1180.00 million =$510.00 million =$380.00 million =$280.00 million

Differentiate between the trait, behavioral, and results-based performance appraisal systems, providing an example where each would be most applicable.