Companies U and L are identical in every respect except that U is unlevered and L has a debt of $10 million with the cost of debt rd being 5%. Assume that (1) all the MM assumptions are met, (2) all the firms are subject to a 40% tax rate, (3) EBIT is $2 million and (4) the unlevered cost of equity rsu is 10%. Based on MM model with corporate tax, what is the equity of the levered firm, i. e. what is SL

After the 2008 recession, the amount of reserves in the us banking system increased. because of federal reserve actions, required reserves increased from $44 billion to $60 billion. however, banks started holding more reserves than required. by january 2009, banks were holding $900 billion in excess reserves. the federal reserve started paying interest on the excess reserves that the banks held. what possible impact will these unused reserves have on the economy?

David consumes two things: gasoline (g) and bread (b). david's utility function is u(g, b) = 10g^0.25 b^0.75. use the lagrange technique to solve for david's optimal choices of gasoline and bread as a function of the price of gasoline, p_g, the price of bread, p_b, and his income m. with recent decrease in the price of gasoline (maybe due to external shock such as shale gas production) does david increase his consumption of gasoline? for david, how does partial differential g/partial differential p_g depend on his income m? that is, how does david's change in gasoline consumption due to an increase in the price of gasoline depend on his income level? to answer these questions, find the cross-partial derivative, |partial differential^2 g/partial differential m partial differential p_g.

Draw, label and explain the circular flow model (cfm). include the following: firms, households, product market, and factor (or resource) market.who owns the productive resources? what are those resources? what payment does each type of resource earn? explain the two markets in the cfm and explain the roles that firms and household each play in the cfm.