Jeremy is working on a system-wide model to minimize the cost of shipping automobiles from his company's factories to dealerships throughout North America. While his goal is to minimize costs, he also is concerned with:

The market yield on spice grills' bonds is 15%, and the firm's marginal tax rate is 33%. what is their shareholders' required return if the equity risk premium is 4%?

Costco wholesale corporation operates membership warehouses selling food, appliances, consumer electronics, apparel and other household goods at 471 locations across the u.s. as well as in canada, mexico and puerto rico. as of its fiscal year-end 2005, costco had approximately 21.2 million members. selected fiscal-year information from the company's balance sheets follows. ($ millions). selected balance sheet data 2005 2004 merchandise inventories $4,015 $3,644 deferred membership income (liability) 501 454 (a) during fiscal 2005, costco collected $1,120 cash for membership fees. use the financial statement effectstemplate to record the cash collected for membership fees. (b) in 2005, costco recorded $46,347 million in merchandise costs (that is, cost of goods sold). record thistransaction in the financial statement effects template. (c) determine the value of merchandise that costco purchased during fiscal-year 2005. use the financial statementeffects template to record these merchandise purchases. assume all of costco's purchases are on credit.

Communication comes in various forms. which of the following is considered an old form of communication? a) e-mail b) letter c) skype d) texting