A lender estimates that the closing costs on a $293,600 home loan will be $11,010. The actual closing costs were 3. 25% of the loan amount. Determine if the closing costs were higher or lower than the estimate and by what percent? a. Higher by 0. 25% b. Higher by 0. 5% c. Lower by 0. 25% d. Lower by 0. 5%.

You are the manager of a large crude-oil refinery. as part of the refining process, a certain heat exchanger (operated at high temperatures and with abrasive material flowing through it) must be replaced every year. the replacement and downtime cost in the first year is $165 comma 000. this cost is expected to increase due to inflation at a rate of 7% per year for six years (i.e. until the eoy 7), at which time this particular heat exchanger will no longer be needed. if the company's cost of capital is 15% per year, how much could you afford to spend for a higher quality heat exchanger so that these annual replacement and downtime costs could be eliminated?