Help me pls

What do economists mean when they use the latin expression ceteris paribus?

Blank is the internal operation that arranges information resources to support business performance and outcomes

Buyer henry is going to accept seller shannon's $282,500 counteroffer. when will this counteroffer become a contract. a. counteroffers cannot become contracts b. when henry gives shannon notice of the acceptance c. when henry signs the counteroffer d. when shannon first made the counteroffer