A taxpayer is in a 25% tax bracket and itemizes deductions. He obtains a mortgage from a bank at 4% interest. The actual rate of interest he pays is (after the deduction form income tax):

Florence invested in a factory requiring. federally-mandated reductions in carbon emissions. how will this impact florence as the factory's owner? a. her factory will be worth less once the upgrades are complete. b. her factory will likely be bought by the epa. c. florence will have to invest a large amount of capital to update the factory for little financial gain. d. florence will have to invest a large amount of capital to update the factory for a large financial gain.