Critics of spending on infrastructure as a means to stimulate the economy, such as Alan Viard of the American Enterprise Institute, note that, dollar for dollar, tax cuts and direct government payments infrastructure spending, . a. may not stimulate the economy as much as; but they take effect more quickly b. stimulate the economy more than; and they take effect more quickly c. stimulate the economy more than; even though they take longer to take effect d. stimulate the economy more than; and they take effect in an equal amount of time