1. The holding-period return (HPR) on a share of stock is equal to A) the capital gain yield during the period plus the inflation rate. B) the capital gain yield during the period plus the dividend yield. C) the current yield plus the dividend yield. D) the dividend yield plus the risk premium. E) the change in stock price.

The business cycle is the periodic but irregular up-and-down movement in economic activity, measured by fluctuations in real gross domestic product (gdp) and other macroeconomic variables. a business cycle is typically characterized by four phases—recession, recovery, growth, and decline—that repeat themselves over time. economists note, however, that complete business cycles vary in length. the duration of business cycles can be anywhere from about two to twelve years, with most cycles averaging six years in length. some business analysts use the business cycle model and terminology to study and explain fluctuations in business inventory and other individual elements of corporate operations. but the term "business cycle" is still primarily associated with larger (industry-wide, regional, national, or even international) business trends.

Acapitalist economy is when all goods are owned by the government or private industries.

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