During his first few days on the job as a sales clerk at Rainbow Mart, a big-box chain, Rick learned about customer service, inventory, processing returns, and dozens of other details. Yet during his first hour on the floor, Rick became flustered when he realized he could not operate the cash register. Of course, he had actually been taught this basic skill; Rick was simply experiencing , a common problem of communication in the organizational environment. Select one: a. the grapevine b. filtering c. information overload d. open-book management e. boundarylessness