When assembly is complex, a(n) _ layout is most useful since teams of workers combine to create the product.

Annuity payments are assumed to come at the end of each payment period (termed an ordinary annuity). however, an exception occurs when the annuity payments come at the beginning of each period (termed an annuity due). what is the future value of a 13-year annuity of $2,800 per period where payments come at the beginning of each period? the interest rate is 9 percent. use appendix c for an approximate answer, but calculate your final answer using the formula and financial calculator methods. to find the future value of an annuity due when using the appendix tables, add 1 to n and subtract 1 from the tabular value. for example, to find the future value of a $100 payment at the beginning of each period for five periods at 10 percent, go to appendix c for n = 6 and i = 10 percent. look up the value of 7.716 and subtract 1 from it for an answer of 6.716 or $671.60 ($100 × 6.716)

Assume the total cost of a college education will be $250,000 when your child enters college in 17 years. you presently have $69,000 to invest. what annual rate of interest must you earn on your investment to cover the cost of your child’s college education? (do not round intermediate calculations. enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)

Buying insurance and investing for the future requires spending less in the present. why is this a hard choice for many people