(c) using okun's law, how more much would total output (gdp) have had to grow to create that many jobs?

First and foremost, it should be understood that Okun's Law is an empirical observation. The law is founded in a perceived relationship between gdp and unemployment. In this sense, Okun's Law is an approximation and not rightly a Law derived from theory. There is some debate as to how much of a decrease in gdp actually occurs from an increase in unemployment, but two leading figures have offered estimations. Martin Prachowny gives the ratio 3:1, such that for every 1% increase in unemployment, a country's gdp drops by 3%. Ben Bernake more recently has offered a revised estimation, placing it closer to 2:1. Therefore, to find the inverse, a country's GDP would have to grow by 2-3% in order to reduce unemployment by 1%.