What is the expression for average rate of reaction

1)each group 16 element has how many valence electrons? ( )4 ( )6 ( )8 ( )16 2)how many dots appear in the dot structure for calcium ion, ca2+? ( )zero ( )one ( )two ( )eight 3) which of the following atoms forms a cation to obtain an octet of outer shell electrons? ( )magnesium ( )oxygen ( )fluorine ( )helium 4) an al3+ ion contains 13 protons and 10 electrons. ( )true ( )false 5) valence and non-valence electrons are represented in lewis dot structures. ( )true ( )false

If you add 5.00 ml of 0.100 m sodium hydroxide to 50.0 ml of acetate buffer that is 0.100 m in both acetic acid and sodium acetate, what is the ph of the resulting solution? acetic acid: ka = 1.8. x 10-5

How is the atomic number of a nucleus changed by alpha decay