Which compound has the lowest pka? (ch3ch2o2c)2ch2 ch3ch2o2cch2cho ch3ch2coch2cho phcoch2coch3 (nc)2ch2?

Aldehydes having the lowest pKa value around 17 and thus the other carbonyl have higher pKa than aldehyde.

Now, two aldehyde are present in given sereis such as

ch3ch2o2cch2cho and ch3ch2coch2cho

ch3ch2coch2cho is more acidic or having low pKa than ch3ch2o2cch2cho due to the presence of carbonyl at alpha position of aldehyde and rasonance will take place in ch3ch2coch2cho which result in release of proton readilly.

Hence, ch3ch2coch2cho having low pKa value of all and thus is highly acidic of all.

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.