Consider 100.0-g samples of two different compounds consisting only of carbon and oxygen. one compound contains 27.2 g of carbon and the other has 42.9 g of carbon. how can these data support the law of multiple proportions if 42.9 is not a multiple of 27.2? show that these data support the law of multiple proportions.

Explanation:

It is known that a mole of carbon atom contains a mass of 12 g and a mole of oxygen atom contains a mass of 16 g.

As it is given that first compound has 27.2 g C. So, amount of oxygen present in this compound will be as follows.

                         (100 - 27.2) g

                        = 72.8 g of O

Hence, calculate the moles of C and O as follows.

       No. of moles of C =

                                    =

                                    = 2.26 mol

        No. of moles of O =

                                    =

                                    = 4.55 mol

Therefore, mole ratios of both C and O will be calculated as follows.

               C =

                   = 1

                O =

                   = 2

Hence, empirical formula of the first compound is .

Since, it is also given that mass of carbin in another compound is 42.9 g. So, mass of oxygen present will be as follows.

                           (100 - 42.9) g

                          = 57.1 g

Hence, calculate the moles of C and O as follows.

      No. of moles of C =

                                    =

                                    = 3.57 mol

      No. of moles of O =

                                    =

                                    = 3.57 mol    

Therefore, mole ratios of both C and O will be calculated as follows.

               C =

                   = 1

                O =

                   = 1

Hence, empirical formula of the second compound is CO.

Therefore, carbon and oxygen combine to form 2 different compounds in small whole numbers.

- aluminum and copper chloride.

- the chloride ion to separate the aluminum from the oxygen so that the aluminum can react with the copper ions (and the water molecules).

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).