Lithium salts contain a lithium atom that is missing one valence electron (and therefore bears a positive charge). choose the correct lewis structure of the lithium cation.

Li⁺

Explanation:

The atomic number of lithium is 3, which means that it has 3 protons and 3 electrons. The electron configuration is [He] 2s¹ and its Lewis structure is Li·

When lithium loses an electron to form lithium cation, its Lewis structue is Li⁺ and it acquires the electron configuration of Helium: 1s².

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.