Aresearcher crosses a red flower with a white flower. to his surprise, some of the offspring turned out pink. this is most likely a result a. codominance b. incomplete dominance c. mutation d. mendelian genetics

Incomplete dominance

Explanation

Incomplete dominance is a pattern of inheritance in which, offspring from the cross of two parents shows a phenotype that is not like either parent but in between both.

For example: Let us take the example of plant snapdragon and its flowers. We have one plant parent with red flowers and it is homozygous for this trait with genotype RR, the other parent with white flowers and it is also homozygous for the allele of same trait with genotype rr. They both are crossed but the offspring is unlike any of the parents and grows pink color flowers.

Why?

Because no allele could fully express itself in the offspring or no allele was actually dominant on the other and both had their own effect at own place.

See how:

                                                  RR x rr

Gametes:                              r        and        R

                                       rr:     Rr :     Rr     :  RR

RR:             Red flowers         25%

Rr:               Pink flowers          50 %

rr:                 White flowers      25%

This is the case of co-dominance.

Hope it helps!

geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.