How do the particles in plasmas compare with the particles in solids

I'm learning about the periodic tables and what each subject's configuration is. for example, hydrogen is 1s^1, but i don't understand how you get that. can someone me understand how to figure out how to figure this out? sorry if the question makes no sense, but it would really a lot if you could me understand! you so much if you can!

How much heat is added if 0.814g of water increase in temperature by 0.351 degree c?

What does it mean for something to be dissolved in watera- it is submerged in water moleculesb-it is stirred in the water moleculesc- it is surrounded by water molecules d-it has water molecules added to it