Calculate the percent composition by mass of each element in al(oh)3. use at least three significant figures.

34.59 % Al; 61.54 % O; 3.877 % H

Explanation:

% by mass = mass of element/total mass × 100 %

Let's rewrite the formula of Al(OH)₃ as AlO₃H₃.

Set up a table for easy calculation.

Atom    Mass/u     Subtotal

1Al     1 × 26.98   = 26.98   u

3O     3 ×  16.00  =  48.00   u

3H     3 ×    1.008 =  3.024 u

                   Total = 78.004 u

Mass % Al = 26.98/78.004   × 100 % = 34.59   %

Mass % O = 48.00/78.004   × 100 % =  61.54   %

Mass % H =    3.024/78.004 × 100 % =   3.877 %

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.