Calculate the percent ionization of formic acid solutions having the following concentrations. a) 1.20mb)0.450mc)0.130md)5.10 x 10^-2

a). 1.22%

b). 2%

c). 3.72%

d). 5.94%

Given:

Ka for formic acid, HCOOH, is

Question:

Calculate the percent ionization (α) of formic acid solutions having the following concentrations (M).

The Process:

Remember that,

and

The two equations are rearranged to connect α, Ka, and M directly.

Let us calculate the percent ionization from each concentration below.

a). 1.20 M

Thus, the percent of ionization for 1.20 M HCOOH solution is 1.22%.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

b). 0.450 M

Thus, the percent of ionization for 0.450 M HCOOH solution is 2%.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

c). 0.130 M

Thus, the percent of ionization for 0.130 M HCOOH solution is 3.72%

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

d). 5.10 x 10⁻² M

Thus, the percent of ionization for 5.10 x 10⁻² M HCOOH solution is 5.94%.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Notes

Just a reminder, Ka and α are characteristic of weak acid solutions.

answer: enthalpy

explanation:

for a exothermic reaction, the energy is released i.e. the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants.

= enthaply

= energy of products

= energy of reactants

as , thus comes out to be negative. negative value of enthalpy shows that the reaction is exothermic.

the correct answer would be b) volume versus temperature, because they are also directly proportional.