Which of the following solutions would have the lowest freezing point?

a.

1.0 m nacl

b.

3.0 m nacl

c.

2.0 m nacl

d.

0.5 m nacl

B. 3.0 mol·L⁻¹ NaCl

Explanation:

Freezing point is a colligative property: it depends only on the number of particles in solution.

The for freezing point depression ΔT_f is

ΔT_f = iK_fb

where

i = the number of moles of particles available from one mole of solute

K_f = the molal freezing point depression constant

b = the molal concentration of the solute

All your solutions are aqueous NaCl. They differ only in their concentrations.

Thus, the most concentrated solution will have the greatest freezing point depression and the lowest freezing point.

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the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.