Which list ranks the gasses in the correct order from the
slowest to the fastest rate of effusion?

D. chlorine, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen.

Explanation:

Thomas Graham found that, at a constant  temperature and pressure the rates of effusion  of various gases are inversely proportional to  the square root of their masses.

ν ∝ 1/√M

where ν is the rate of effusion and M is the atomic  or molecular mass of the gas particles.

The molecular mass for the listed gases are:

O₂: 32.0 g/mol,

Cl₂: 70.906 g/mol,

N₂: 28.0 g/mol,

H₂: 2.0 g/mol.

Hence, the smallest molecular mass of the gas, the fastest rate of effusion.

So, the order from the slowest to the fastest rate of effusion is:

Chlorine, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen.

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