Generally, which of the three families of elements (metals, nonmetals, or inert gases) has the least tendency to form ionic bonds?

Inert gases

Explanation:

Inert elements have a stable electron configuration meaning their shells/orbitals are full with their requisite number of electrons. Therefore, gaining or losing an electron would take high ionization energy. Therefore they are less likely to be involved in chemical reaction unless a high amount of energy is used. An example of an inert gas is Helium.

the answer is   c.) 1575 j.

explanation:

acid rain does not usually kill trees directly. instead, it is more likely to weaken the trees by damaging their leaves, limiting the nutrients available to them, or poisoning them with toxic substances slowly released from the soil. the main atmospheric pollutants that affect trees are nitrates and sulphates.