1)each group 16 element has how many valence electrons? ( )4 ( )6 ( )8 ( )16 2)how many dots appear in the dot structure for calcium ion, ca2+? ( )zero ( )one ( )two ( )eight 3) which of the following atoms forms a cation to obtain an octet of outer shell electrons? ( )magnesium ( )oxygen ( )fluorine ( )helium 4) an al3+ ion contains 13 protons and 10 electrons. ( )true ( )false 5) valence and non-valence electrons are represented in lewis dot structures. ( )true ( )false

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In order to improve results, many different steps can be taken into account. 1) using more precise scales and thermometers is always something that should be considered as being precise means that you are more exact with your answer.2) increasing the sample size should also be considered, if you have a bigger sample size you are able to determine if your results are accurate as well as if there are any variables that should be taken into account plus it assists in the statistical analysis and produces overall better data3) using better handwriting is also a plus, along with organizing the data properly so that others are also able to read the results and even redo the experiment in the future if it is needed.