Halogenoalkanes have been widely used as aerosol propellants, refrigerants and solvents for many years. fluoroethane, ch3ch2f, has been used as refrigerant. it may be made by reacting ethane with hydrogen fluoride. use relevant bond energies from the data booklet, and the equation below to calculate a value for the bond energy of the c-f bond. ch2=ch2(g) + hf(g) → ch3ch2f(g) ah®= -73 kj mol.

c is having 4 valence electrons and is bonded to three hydrogens and one sulphur atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to four. as all the valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, there is no lone pair left on carbon.

s is having 6 valence electrons and is bonded to one other sulfur atom and one carbon atom, therefore, the number of bond pair is equal to 2. as only two valence electrons are used in forming the bonds so, four electrons are left. therefore, two lone pairs are present on s.

here is table 2-2:

country

percent of eligible voters that voted

rank

united states

44.9%

138

canada

60.1%

107

costa rica

84.6%

14

hungary

66.9%

82

japan

57.0%

118

egypt

27.7%

159

south africa

85.5%

10

ans is no, the data set cannot be plotted as a single circle graph