can a tank of oxygen gas ever be half
empty?

The problem here is that according to aufbau principle before 3d orbital 4s subshell comes.after filling 3p orbital with electrons you have 4 electrons left, you place two in 4s with opposite spin and the other two in 3d in any of its two orbitals of total five orbitals with the same spin.

The net force is 100

In any atom of any element, you will find protons and neutrons in the nucleus of any atom 

Answer charle's law